Irises 1 to 30 of 35 total
Irises 1 to 30 of 35 total
Irises
Uses:
- Borders
- Container Gardens
- Wetland Areas & Ponds
Features:
- Low Maintenance
- Cut Flowers
- Foliage Interest
Sunlight:
- Partial Shade to Full Sun
- At Least 3 Hours Of Direct Sunlight
Growing Zones:
- 3-11
- What is My Zone?
Irises are elegant perennials known for their sword-shaped foliage and intricate, colorful flowers that bloom in late spring to early summer. Thriving in sunny locations with well-drained soil, irises are ideal for borders, water garden edges, and mixed perennial beds, where their tall, graceful blooms can add vertical interest and texture.
About Irises
Genus
Species
Family
Iris
200+
Iridaceae
Common Names:
Flag, Bearded Iris, Louisiana Iris, Dutch Iris, German Iris
Native To:
Asia, Europe, and North America.
Plant Type:
Perennials
Foliage Type:
Semi-Evergreen, Deciduous, Herbaceous
USDA Plant Hardiness Zone:
3 - 9
Flower Color:
Purple, Pink, Red, White, Magenta, Bi-color/Striped, Blue, Orange
Flower Bloom Time:
Late Spring to Early Summer
Growth Habit:
Clumping, Spreading, Upright
Attracts:
Bees, Butterflies
Tolerates:
Drought, Heat, Humidity, Harsh Winters
Resists:
Deer, Rabbits, Moles
How To Use Irises In The Garden
Irises come in a wide range of colors, including deep purples, blues, yellows, and whites. Over centuries, breeders have conjured countless forms, layering ruffles and stripes into an already compelling floral display. This extensive range allows gardeners to select hues that complement any landscape design. Certain types, such as the iconic bearded iris and slender Siberian iris, tolerate challenging conditions. Their minimal upkeep, combined with a prolonged bloom season, makes them a prized addition to gardens of every style.
Position them as key performers in mixed borders, where their towering spikes can play off the understated greens of surrounding perennials. Weave them through cottage plantings for a nostalgic effect or highlight them in modern schemes paired with ornamental grasses. Consider stouter dwarf varieties at the front of beds to set a rhythmic pattern of repeated color. In water gardens or damp corners, swamp-tolerant species provide an elegant solution for softer transitions.
Types of Irises
| Type | Scientific Name | Native Range | Flowers | Foliage | Zones (USDA) | Uses | Features |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Siberian Iris | Iris sibirica | Central & Eastern Europe → Siberia, Japan, Korea | Usually violet-blue; 3 upright petals & 3 drooping beardless falls (cultivars in white, pink, yellow, red) | Bluish-green, narrow, arching swords | 3 – 8 | Borders, meadows, pond or stream margins, rain gardens, cut flowers | Low-maintenance, deer/rabbit & drought tolerant once established, handles moist or average soils, attracts butterflies |
| Northern Blue Flag | Iris versicolor | Wetlands of NE & N-central North America | Violet-blue falls with white & yellow signals; 3–4 in wide | Blue-green, sword-like; arching fans | 3 – 9 | Margins of ponds, rain/water gardens, naturalizing in wet soils, cut flowers | Thrives in standing water to moist soil, deer tolerant, showy & pollinator friendly, poisonous rhizomes deter pests |
| African Iris / Fortnight Lily | Dietes iridioides | Southern & Eastern Africa | 3 in white blossoms with yellow & blue markings | Evergreen, stiff, linear leaves | 9 – 11 | Water-wise borders, pool-sides, mass plantings, large containers | Evergreen; tolerates heat, drought, salt & neglect; rapid rebloom; deer resistant |
| Bearded Iris | Iris × germanica | Hybrid of I. pallida × I. variegata (E. Mediterranean) | Classic ruffled “bearded” flowers; thousands of colors & patterns | Gray-green, upright fans | 3 – 10 | Sunny beds & borders, cottage gardens, cutting gardens | Fragrant, showy blooms, drought & deer tolerant; easy to divide; wide cultivar range |
| Japanese Water Iris | Iris ensata (syn. I. kaempferi) | Japan, China, Korea, far-east Russia | Very large, flattened blooms; blue, violet-red, pink, white (single to peony-double forms) | Medium-green, broad swords | 4 – 9 | Margins of ponds/streams, rain gardens, moist acidic borders, Japanese gardens | Thrives in shallow water in summer but needs drier winter soil; deer tolerant; dramatic cut flowers |
| Pseudata Iris | Iris pseudata (I. pseudacorus × I. ensata) | Man-made sterile cross; non-invasive | Wide color palette; large flaring falls, small standards | Upright green blades | 4 – 9 | Rain & bog gardens, pond shelves, large mixed borders | Sterile (no seedlings), heavy nectar for hummingbirds & bees, deer & rabbit resistant, tolerates average to saturated soils |
Irises Care
Plant irises in full sun with well-draining soil to promote optimal growth. Plant rhizome varieties with at least one-fourth of the rhizome above ground to prevent rot. Water newly planted irises consistently until established; mature bearded irises are drought-tolerant, while Japanese and Siberian types prefer consistently moist soil. Fertilize in early spring with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer, applying it around the base.
After flowering, remove spent blooms to prevent seed formation. In late fall, trim foliage to 6-8 inches to reduce overwintering pests and diseases. For container-grown irises, select pots with excellent drainage and use a well-aerated potting mix. During winter, move containers to sheltered locations to protect from harsh conditions.
Learn More About Iris Care
Irises Companion Plants
Healthy irises need well‑drained soil that never stays soggy, at least six hours of direct sun, and only modest fertility. Boxwood supplies a year‑round, evergreen backdrop that makes the sword‑shaped foliage and spring flowers of iris pop. Russian sage weaves silvery stems and midsummer lavender plumes through the clumps, extending vertical color after the iris fade. Early‑summer alliums echo the iris spikes with globe‑topped stalks that emerge from the same lean soil, and a late sowing of snapdragons fills any post‑bloom gaps with upright snaps that relish the same sunny, well‑drained bed.
